Oklahoma v. Texas, United States, Intervener
Headline: Boundary dispute settled: Court fixes Texas–Oklahoma Panhandle line on the true 100th meridian, orders a federal survey and permanent markers, and requires Texas, Oklahoma, and the U.S. to share costs.
Holding:
- Defines Texas–Oklahoma Panhandle boundary along the true 100th meridian.
- Requires a federal commissioner to survey and mark the border with permanent monuments.
- Splits costs three ways between Texas, Oklahoma, and the United States.
Summary
Background
The dispute involved the eastern boundary of the Texas Panhandle and the western boundary of Oklahoma. The case was heard under a counterclaim by the State of Texas and the Court considered the matter after announcing conclusions in an earlier opinion. The Court issued a decree defining the exact line that separates the two States.
Reasoning
The central question was where the boundary line runs. The Court decided the boundary is the true one‑hundredth meridian of longitude west from Greenwich, running north from its intersection with the south bank of the South Fork of Red River to the parallel of 36 degrees 30 minutes north latitude. The Court named Samuel S. Gannett, a geodetic and astronomic engineer, as commissioner to run, locate, and mark the boundary. The commissioner must use the most accurate scientific methods practical, establish permanent marked monuments, take an oath, employ assistants as needed, and file field notes, a map, and a detailed report for the Court’s approval.
Real world impact
The decree creates a clear, scientific boundary line for officials, landowners, and local communities. One copy of the commissioner’s report and map must go to both Governors and the Secretary of the Interior. Objections to the report must be filed within forty days. If the commissioner’s post becomes vacant while the Court is not in session, the Chief Justice may appoint a replacement. Costs, including the commissioner’s pay and expenses, are split equally among Texas, Oklahoma, and the United States.
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